CNN新闻英语第 81 课：The Stress Effect 你有抑郁症吗-2

DR. J. DOUGLAS BREMMER, AUTHOR, "DOES DEPRESSION DAMAGE THE BRAIN 道格拉斯·伯瑞默医生，《抑郁会损害大脑吗？》一书的作者
"This is a patient with depression. 这是位抑郁症患者。

ROWLAND 罗兰德
Dr. J. Douglas Bremmer studies the brain. He says you can actually see how stress assaults us, targeting and shrinking the brain's hippocampus, where we do most of our thinking. So is it the disease that does this or is it like the stressors that happen over time that causes this area to get smaller? 道格拉斯·伯瑞默医生研究大脑。他说，事实上，你可以了解压力是如何侵害我们的，它是如何攻击大脑侧面的海马状突起，使它收缩。那里是我们主要的记忆思考区。那么，是疾病使得这一区域变小呢，还是长时间的紧张性刺激所致？

BREMMER 伯瑞默
We don't know. It could be stress causes changes in the brain that lead to depression. 我们不很清楚。可能是压力引起大脑的变化，导致抑郁。

ROWLAND 罗兰德
And Bremmer also found that depression is cumulative. The more bouts you have, the more damage to your brain, and it accelerates. The more times you suffer depression without treatment, the more likely you are to suffer again. 另外，伯瑞默也发现抑郁具有累积性。你经历的次数越多，就会对大脑造成更多的损害，抑郁症就会加剧。抑郁症患者未予治疗的次数越多，就越有可能再次受到它的困扰。

BREMMER 伯瑞默
We know that stressful life events make it more likely that someone who has had depression in the past will relapse. 我们知道，有压力的生活更容易使曾患抑郁症的人旧病复发。

ROWLAND 罗兰德
Also startling, it's striking at a younger age. The typical victim used to be middle aged. Now, it's common to see depression in the late teens or early twenties. So what do you look for? We all feel blue at times, but if you feel that way all day for two weeks, look for at least five of these symptoms: changes in appetite and weight, sleeping too little or too much, a lack of enthusiasm, not feeling pleasure from your usual activities, restlessness or irritability, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty thinking, concentrating or making decisions, thoughts of death or suicide. 更令人惊讶的是，抑郁症患者人群日趋年轻化。通常是中年人患抑郁症。现在，近二十或二十出头的人患抑郁症的也很普遍。那么，我们怎么知道自己得了抑郁症呢？有时，我们会感到心情沮丧，但是如果你连续两个星期整日情绪低沉，就要看看是否具有下列至少五种症状：胃口和体重发生变化；睡的太少或太多；缺乏热情；从日常活动中感觉不到快乐；烦躁不安或易怒；感觉无价值或内疚；很难思维、集中精力或做决定；有寻死或自杀的想法。

KELSEY 凯尔塞
And probably the key is, if you are watching this and wondering. hmm, I wonder if I have depression, the best thing to do is to go and see someone to get that evaluated. 也许问题的关键是，如果你正在观看本节目并产生疑惑。哼，我想如果我患有抑郁症，最明智的做法就是看医生，诊断抑郁的程度。

ROWLAND 罗兰德
Remember, depression is one third genetic. Some people are immune to stress. Also, say doctors, almost everyone who is depressed can be helped and return to a normal life. 记住，抑郁症三分之一是通过遗传得来的。一些人天生就感受不到压力。医生们也说，几乎每一个抑郁症患者都能在帮助下重新过上正常的生活。