特别广播英语第 167 课：Controlling Your Concentration 控制你的注意力-4

In the student's life there are many psychological pressures and tensions which block effective productivity. 在学生生活里，有许多心理压力和紧张，严重影响学习效率。

The fears about making the grade, the doubts of the friendliness of a friend's behaviour and the pressures of limited finances - these are only a few of the emotional forces which affect the student. 对是否能取得好成绩的担忧，对朋友行为是否友好的怀疑和经济能力有限而造成的压力――这些仅仅只是几种影响学生的精神压力。

Emotional reaction varies greatly from person to person. 每个人情绪的反应大不相同。

Some persons gain goal and direction from their tensions and actually do better because of them. Others fall apart under pressure, while a few people do well despite the pressure. 一些人从他们的紧张中获得目标和方向，实际上却因此做得更好。基他人在压力下崩溃了，而一些人尽管有压力却做得很好。

Physical distractors are always present and rarely understood 物质干扰时常存在，却难以理解

Our environment is much more important to how we feel and react than we often think. 我们的环境对我们如何感受和反应比我们通常认为的重要得多。

Particularly is this true of the effect of physical distractors on mental tasks. 对脑力劳动的物质干扰的效果而言，尤其如此。

One research report has shown that comprehension and retention of reading were decreased when students listened to lively music. 一项研究报告表明，在听轻快的音乐时读书的理解力和记忆力降低了。

However, rate of reading was not affected, so that many students were not aware that they were affected by the background distractor. 然而，读书的速度未受影响。