特别广播英语第 168 课：Controlling Your Concentration 控制你的注意力-5

Another study found that the ability to recall accurately was affected by distracting conditions. 另一项研究发现准确回忆的能力受到纷杂环境的影响。

Most of the evidence indicates that noise affects adversely higher mental task output. 许多迹象表明噪音对较高级脑力工作成果有不利影响。

Still, the effect of distractors is seldom fully appreciated by students. 干扰物的影响仍没有得到学生们的充分重视。

ROUTING AND REASONING TASKS ARE AFFECTED DIFFERENTLY BY DISTRACTORS 日常的推理性的工作受到干扰的不同影响

Typically when students are faced with the evidence on distractors the argument is given that their cousin, friend, or classmate can study in "Grand Central Station." And he makes "all A's" too! 典型的情况是，当要求学生们拿出关于干扰物的证据时，他们提出自己的表兄弟、朋友或同学能在纽约的"中央火车站"学习，而且考试可以得"全优"。

There is evidence, of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming the effects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in individual spans of attention. 当然，有证据表明动机在克服干扰物的影响方面起了重要的作用。个人的注意力范围也有相当大的区别。

Either of these factors could account for some individuals being able to do well using inefficient methods. 这些事实中的任何一个都可以解释一些个别人能用低效的方法做得很好。

The fact that some exceptional people do well under adverse conditions scarcely justifies your assuming that you are exceptional in the same manner. 一些例外的人在不利条件下做得很好的事实不能证明在同一方式下你也是例外的假设。

Your chances of success are higher if you avoid the distractors which are known to hinder the typical student. 如果你避开那些已知的妨碍一般学生的干扰物，你的成功机会就更大些。