特别广播英语第 330 课：Stars, Bulbs, and Light Pollution 都是光“害”的！-2

Most cities in the world today use outdoor lighting that is not only far too bright, but also directed to places where it is not needed. 大多数城市现在所使用的户外照明，不仅远远超过所需的亮度，还照射到不需照明的区域。

This wasted light reflects off tiny particles of dust and moisture in the air, causing skyglow. 这些多余的照明，碰到空气中的微尘粒子和水分子后发生反射，就造成空中的“霞光”现象。

Skyglow causes clouds to glow white, orange, or pink, and destroys our view of the nighttime sky. “霞光”使云彩发出白色、桔色，或是粉红色的光，就破坏了我们的夜景。

The solution to light pollution is to use lower-wattage outdoor bulbs and full cutoff shielding. 解决光污染的方法就是使用低瓦数的户外灯泡与完全阻隔溢光的遮罩。

An electric lamp should send all its light down, not upward or sideways. 电灯的光线应该向下照射，而不是向上或向旁边照射。

Full cutoff means that no light rays from the lamp go above the horizon and that at least 90 percent of the light is blocked from going sideways. “完全阻隔”是指电灯光线的照射不高出地平线，而且至少可以阻挡百分之九十的光线向旁边照射。

Many cities in the world have made changes in the use of outdoor lighting. The result saves money and energy. 世界上许多城市改变了户外照明的使用方式，因而省下了金钱和能源。

It also restores our nighttime sky to the way it was when our ancestors gazed above. 还使我们的夜空恢复到以前我们祖先所仰望凝视的模样。