建筑哲学第 11 课

They were forbidden to leave the wards after curfew. 宵禁后不得离开住宅区
Guards stationed in police posts located at junctions of the avenues enforced compliance. 大道交叉口有卫兵站岗维持纪律

There are two ways to read this. 这种制度有两种解读方式
One is for the protection of the citizens from external incursions, whatever they may be, 一是保护市民 不受任何外来侵犯
and the other way of course is to read it as protecting the emperor from social unrest, from the people themselves.'' 另一种当然是遏止社会动乱 以保护皇帝

Trade was severely controlled and residents were allowed to use the main streets only during the day. 买卖受到严格管制 干道只在白天开放市民使用

The main gate to the city, the 'Ming De' gate, with five passageways, 主城门明德门有5个出入口
was an imposing structure - more than 50 meters long. 城门超过50公尺长，雄伟壮观

And for the visitor to the city, once he crosses that gate, a bigger surprise awaits him, 外来者穿过城门后将更感惊奇
because he will be confronted with a very wide avenue, about 1 55 meters wide. 他正面向着155公尺宽的 超宽大道

Tanjie, or the heavenly street. 天街
Today just a normal thoroughfare 今天这只是一条普通的大道
In Tang times, it measured 1 55 meters wide - 但在唐朝时它有155公尺宽

the equivalent of a 45-lane highway! 相当于45线车道的公路
In the year 841, the emperor Wuzong proceeded down this avenue to the altar of heaven西元841年 唐武宗沿此大道前往祭天之坛
accompanied by ' two hundred thousand guards and soldiers'! 一路有20万名士兵随行

The imperial city was the administrative heart of the empire. 皇城是帝国的行政中心
Within its large walled enclosure were government offices of both civil and military functions, headquarters of imperial guards and the spectacular palaces of the imperial family. 城墙内有政府的文武机构 御林军总部和富丽堂皇的宫殿

It was also here that the emperor came to conduct ritual sacrifices at the imperial ancestral temple and at the imperial heavenly alter.皇室祖祠与祭天之坛亦位于此

Its streets were full of foreigners from India, Central Asia and Japan - 街上满是印度，中亚 日本来的外国人
travelers, merchants and missionaries lured by tales of China's fabulous wealth.慕富裕中国之名而来的 旅客，商贾和传教士
It was a time of openness to new ideas, and of religious tolerance. 当时世风开放 广纳新观念和新宗教